Prehistoric hairpins

In the provinces of Östergötland and Västergötland, a small group of women’s graves dating to around AD 100 have been found containing long pins, either singly or in pairs. These pins, made of bronze, often feature a distinctively decorated “head”.
  • Bronze Age

    1700 BC – 500 BC

  • Iron Age

    500 BC – AD 1100

  • Viking Age

    AD 800 – AD 1100

They have received relatively little attention from archaeologists, but it has recently been suggested that they may have been used as hairpins. If this interpretation is correct, they would be part of a hairstyle trend that emerged in the Nordic region under the influence of the Roman Empire where elaborate coiffures were all the rage. Hairpins from Roman territories have also been preserved.

Hairpin with cross-shaped end

Hairpin with cross-shaped end

On view at Historiska museet in the exhibition Forntider 1

The pins in the collections of the Swedish History Museum were found at the temples of the buried individuals. While this does not necessarily rule out their use in hair arrangement, it is equally possible that they were used to fasten a headscarf covering the hair.

Perhaps this was a marker of adult or married women. We know that certain types of jewellery were reserved for this group, and it is not unlikely that elements of dress, such as a veil, carried similar connotations.

Summary

In female graves from around AD 100 in Östergötland and Västergötland, bronze pins with decorative “heads” have been found, likely used as hairpins or fasteners for headscarves. These pins reflect a Nordic hairstyle influenced by the Roman Empire and may have symbolized a woman’s adult or marital status.

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